This book presents a synthesis of current research on the Oxus Civilization, also known as the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC), which developed in Central Asia during the Bronze Age. The book covers various aspects of the culture, including architecture, material culture, religion, migrations, trade, and interactions with neighboring civilizations. The book also explores the roots of the Oxus Civilization in previous local cultures, its environmental and chronological context, and the reasons for its decline.